Beginning of armed conflict

Battle of Badr:
Following the emigration, the Meccans seized the properties of the Muslim emigrants in Mecca.^[109] Economically uprooted and with no available profession, the Muslim migrants turned to raiding Meccan caravans as an act of war, deliberately initiating armed conflict between the Muslims and Mecca.^[110][111] Muhammad(saw) delivered Qur'anic verses permitting the Muslims to fight the Meccans (see sura Al-Hajj, Qur'an 22:39–40).^[112] These attacks pressured Mecca by interfering with trade, and allowed the Muslims to acquire wealth, power and prestige while working towards their ultimate goal of inducing Mecca's submission to the new faith.^[113][114] In March of 624, Muhammad(saw) led some three hundred warriors in a raid on a Meccan merchant caravan. The Muslims set an ambush for them at Badr.^[115] Aware of the plan, the Meccan caravan eluded the Muslims. Meanwhile, a force from Mecca was sent to protect the caravan, continuing forward to confront the Muslims upon hearing that the caravan was safe. The Battle of Badr began in March of 624.^[116] Though outnumbered more than three to one, the Muslims won the battle, killing at least forty-five Meccans with only fourteen Muslims dead. They also succeeded in killing many Meccan leaders, including Abu Jahl.^[117] Seventy prisoners had been acquired, many of whom were soon ransomed in return for wealth or freed.^{[110][118][119]} Muhammad(saw) and his followers saw in the victory a confirmation of their faith.^[10] The Qur'anic verses of this period, unlike the Meccan ones, dealt with practical problems of government and issues like the distribution of spoils.^[120]
The victory strengthened Muhammad(saw)'s position in Medina and dispelled earlier doubts among his followers. As a result the opposition to him became less vocal. Pagans who had not yet converted were very bitter about the advance of Islam. Two persons, Asma bint Marwan and Abu 'Afak had composed verses taunting and insulting the Muslims. They were killed by persons belonging to their own or related clans , but nothing was said and no blood-feud followed.^[121]
Muhammad(saw) expelled from Medina the Banu Qaynuqa, one of three main Jewish tribes.^[10] Following the Battle of Badr, Muhammad(saw) also made mutual-aid alliances with a number of Bedouin tribes to protect his community from attacks from the northern part of Hijaz.^[10]